Mould toxins

Moulds produce a great variety of toxins from which many have been known for long time but many have only recently been described. The science of mycotoxins purification and identification is a challenging one and often involves multi level studies involving test animals or cell cultures. The health effects of many isolated mycotoxins are not well understood or are unknown altogether. Some of the most common toxins are describe in individual section of this site and more will be continuously added, time permitting.

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Mycotoxins have been suggested as a primary cause of ill health in mould contaminated buildings and therefore study of their effects on human body and metabolisms is becoming very important. Some of the studies into mycotoxins exposure have been initiated in the farming industry to tackle the damaged to agricultural animals and some has been initiated in the agricultural industry mainly due to mould damage to crops and stored fruits and produce.

Currently there have been identified well over 400 different mycotoxins but this number is likely to change very quickly. The most important ones are discuss in individual section as listed below.

3-acetyl-DON Gliotoxin Roridin L-2 epimers
5-methoxy-sterigmatocystin Griseofulvin Satratoxin  H, G, F, iso-F
Aflatrem Hydroxy roridin E Secalonic Acid D
Alfatoxins Kojic Acid Stachybotrydial
Alternariol Kotanin Stachylisin
Alternariol Methyl Ether Malformin A, B, C Sterigmatocystin
Aspergillic Acid Melagrine T-2 tetraol
Asperpheanmate Mycophenolic Acid T2-toxin
Atranone Naphta-y-pyrones tentoxin
Aurasperone B Nigragillin Tenuazonic Acid
Bisabosqual B Ochratoxins TMC-120-A
Chaetoglobosin A, C Ophiobolins Trichodermin
Chaetoviridin A,B,C Patulin Verrucaris J and B
Chrysogine Penicillic Acid Violaceic Acid
Citrinin Pergillin Violaceol 1, 2
Cyclopiazonic Acid Pyrovoylaminobenzamides Viomellein
Dechlorogriseofulvin Quinolactacin Vioxanthin
Deoxynivalenol (DON) Roqueformine C w-hydroxyemodin
Fumigaclavine B Roridin L-2 Xanthocillin-X
Xanthomegnin